Most welding technologies rely on melting. Arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, and weld overlay all create a liquid phase during joining. For many similar alloys, this is not a problem.For dissimilar metals, however, melting can become the root cause of failure.

For salt production, brine processing, chlor-alkali plants and potash fertilizer projects, this approach offers a practical solution where equipment size, process chemistry and lifecycle cost all matter. As salt-alkali plants continue to move toward larger production capacities, the application of clad materials is likely to remain closely connected with the development of large-scale evaporation-crystallization and process equipment.